70th ANNIVERSARY OF CHINA's NUCLEAR INDUSTRY and submarine CHANGZHENG 1

[aukepalmhof]

China Post is scheduled to issue a set of three commemorative stamps for the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of China's Nuclear Industry on January 15, 2025. The stamp designs are named Nuclear Weapons, Nuclear Energy Pioneers, and Nuclear Benefits for the People. The full set of stamps has a face value of 3.50 yuan. The planned number of stamps to be issued is 6.1 million sets.
　　On January 15, 1955, the CPC Central Committee made a strategic decision to develop my country's atomic energy industry, and China's nuclear industry took off. From the "opening stone" to the realization of the "two bombs and one satellite" amazing feat, from "national glory" to the creation of a "national business card", the nuclear industry has made outstanding contributions to building a solid foundation for national security and supporting the backbone of the nation. Over the past 70 years, China's nuclear industry has gone all out to serve the national strategy, vigorously promoted scientific and technological self-reliance, accelerated its integration into the new development pattern, continued to expand high-level international cooperation, better coordinated development and security, and continuously enhanced its development vitality and released its development momentum.
　　The designs of this set of stamps are presented in a combination of graphic design and hand-painted methods, showing the great journey and brilliant achievements of China's nuclear industry from scratch to large scale. The first stamp, "Nuclear Casting Weapon", uses atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and nuclear submarines as design elements; the second stamp, "Nuclear Energy Pioneer", uses the Qinshan Nuclear Power Base as the background, and the foreground of the picture reflects the "three-step" strategy of nuclear energy, showing "Hualong One", China Experimental Fast Reactor, and the new generation of artificial sun "China Circulation III"; the third stamp, "Nuclear Benefits People's Livelihood", shows medical equipment - domestic gamma knife, medicine glass bottle, accelerator, security inspection and irradiation breeding, reflecting the application of nuclear energy in medical care, safety, agriculture and other fields. This set of stamps uses high-screen photogravure printing technology. Thanks to the high saturation and color vividness of the photogravure process, the main body of the stamp is prominent and the layers are clear. In order to better express the main content, the printing focuses on gradient processing and minimizes color overprinting, forming a harmonious and unified visual effect and enhancing the overall beauty of the stamp.
　　This set of stamps was designed by Guo Zhiyi, edited by Li Jiayue, and printed using photogravure technology by Beijing Stamp Factory Co., Ltd.
　　The stamps will be sold at designated postal outlets, philatelic websites, China Post mobile clients, China Post Micro Post Office Philatelic WeChat Mall and China Post Mall WeChat Mini Program for a period of 6 months. In order to show the stamp content more abundantly, China Post will release digital content through the "China Philatelic Stamp Encyclopedia" WeChat Mini Program, which can be viewed using the AR function. (Postal Business Department of China Post Group Co., Ltd.)

http://www.chinapost.com.cn/xhtml1/stam ... _tr_pto=sc

The submarine depict. shows pennant No 401, and she is CANGZHENG 1 (401) the first nuclear submarine of China.

Built as a nuclear attack, powered submarine by Bohai Shipyard, at Huludao for the Chinese Navy.
26 December 1970 launched as the CHANGZHENG 1
Displacement 5,500 tons submerged. Dim. 98 x 10 x 7.4m draught surface.
Powered by 1 nucler turbo-electric engiune-presurized water reactor, speed 25 knots.
Range: Unilimited.
Crew 76.
Armament: 6 x 533mm torpedo tubes, RPK-2 Vyuga torpedo.
01 August 1974 commissioned.

China issued a set of three stamps on 70th Anniversary of the nuclear industry. Only one stamp has a maritime design, it shows the submarine GANGZHENG 1.

GANGZHENG 1 (401) ("Long March 1") is a decommissioned Type 091 nuclear attack submarine of the People's Liberation Army Navy.

The 091 nuclear submarine is the first nuclear submarine developed by the People's Republic of China. It has been completed and put into service since 1970. A total of 5 ships have been built and deployed in the North Sea Fleet of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. There are still three ships of this type currently in service.

China's nuclear submarine program started in June 1958. Because the Soviet Union did not provide support, it was struggling without external help, and was forced to temporarily shelve it from 1963. Thus, starting in 1965, China began to build onshore simulated reactors as a power test for future nuclear submarines. The PLA Navy has developed a plan to develop two nuclear-powered submarines, including a nuclear-powered attack nuclear submarine, and a ballistic missile nuclear submarine modified on this basis. Beginning in 1969, a team of top scientists began to invest in the nuclear submarine development plan. The chief designer was Peng Shilu, and the deputy chief designers were Huang Xuhua, Zhao Renkai, and Huang Weilu. During the same period, China built supporting facilities for nuclear submarines, including a land-based experimental nuclear reactor in Mianyang, Sichuan, a nuclear submarine dock at the Huludao Shipyard in Liaoning, as well as supporting torpedoes, sonars, and missiles.
The Type 091 nuclear submarine has been plagued by various problems since it entered service, including excessive underwater noise and incomplete weapon systems. The first two boats of this type (401 and 402 boats) received upgrades in the late 1980s and were decommissioned in 2000– 2001. The 403 and 404 boats are quite different from the earlier 091 class. Acoustic tiles were installed at the beginning, and various equipment was upgraded. The length of the whole boat was also 8 meters longer. At the same time, it was further upgraded in 1998. Installed more efficient anechoic tiles, may be modified with wire-guided Yu-6 torpedoes and improved Yu-3 torpedoes, and have the ability to launch the Eagle-82 anti-ship missiles underwater.
Lofting began in May 1968, overall construction began in November and the overall water test of the first boat was completed in April 1970. At the same time, the land-based model reactor was installed on April 28, 1970, and commissioning officially began on May 1. On July 30, the land based model reactor reached full power operation, and the indicators fully met the design requirements. She was launched on 26 December 1970 at Bohai Shipyard in Huludao and commissioned on 1 August 1974 into the North Sea Fleet.

CANGZHENG 1 was decommissioned in 2000. After thorough denuclearization, she now serve as a museum ship in Qingdao Naval Museum, Qingdao.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_s ... angzheng_1
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